In late August, Walmart (WMT) offered investors worried about the health of the US consumer a lifeline. Its CFO, John David Rainey, told investors Walmart's customers were being "choiceful," but when asked about signs of a broader slowdown, Rainey added: "We're not seeing it."
Results this week from a slew of big retail names, however, make the situation for the US consumer appear much more uncertain.
Retail names ranging from Dollar General (DG) and Lululemon (LULU) to Abercrombie & Fitch (ANF) and Ulta Beauty (ULTA) received a mixed reaction this week after making cautious comments about the overall spending environment and the potential impacts on their business.
Dollar General stock was judged most harshly, falling 32%, the most on record, after the discount retailer cut its full-year outlook, blaming softer sales on a financially strapped core customer.
CEO Todd Vasos highlighted the last week of each of the calendar months in the quarter as "the weakest by far," with customers leaning into a mix of the 2,000 items still priced at $1 or below.
"All those points would indicate that this is a cash-strapped consumer, even more than we saw in Q1," Vasos told analysts during the company's earnings call on Thursday. Dollar General noted consumers gravitated more toward consumable goods and less toward home goods and seasonal items.
The latest retail sales data showed a rise of 1% in July, above Wall Street's expectations for 0.4% growth.
But a look under the hood showed less optimistic signs, according toForrester Research retail analyst Sucharita Kodali.
"Consumer spending is essentially in line and in some categories below the rates of inflation. So that means that even though the numbers may be positive, the consumer is really, really softening," Kodali said in a recent interview with Yahoo Finance.
The data, which isn't inflation-adjusted, showed a 0.1% monthly drop in spending at clothing stores; department stores saw sales fall 0.2%.
Kodali, like other analysts have pointed to giant stores like Walmart, which has been increasing its market share across a variety of classes.
"Lower income consumers are continuing to take out debt, they are the most stretched and they are likely driving some of these Walmart numbers," said the analyst. "Walmart's growth I would argue is probably coming at the expense of other retailers."
However even brands that target a higher-income consumer making discretionary purchases, like Ulta Beauty, pointed to a more money-conscious shopper as part of the reason for a miss on the company's top and bottom lines.
“Consumer behavior is starting to shift as consumers increasingly focus on value and become more cautious with their spending,” said CEO Dave Kimbell during the company earnings call.
Kimbell went on to call out greater competition within the high-margin makeup industry as an added challenge to the business.
"Today, there are significantly more places to buy beauty, especially prestige beauty, with more than 1,000 new points of distribution opened in the last three years. As a result, our market share continues to be challenged, particularly within prestige beauty,” said Kimbell.
Between consumers being more choosy and increased competition, there's little room for error for retailers.
Lululemon noted its US women’s business slowed amid a lack of “newness,” or seasonal updates within styles typically expressed as color, print, and patterns.
“It's become clear to us that this reduced newness, which is below our historical levels and stems from earlier product decisions, has impacted conversion rates given the fewer new options available to our female guests,” CEO Calvin McDonald said during the company’s earnings call.
“The newness that we had performed well — we simply did not have enough to inspire her to purchase.” said McDonald.
Even following a strong quarter at Abercrombie and Fitch, its CEO Fran Horowitz warned of the economic backdrop during the company's earnings call.
"In addition to record second quarter sales, this is our seventh consecutive quarter of net sales growth in a dynamic, often uncertain, consumer environment which underlies the strength of our brands," said Horowitz.
Abercrombie's stock sold off 14% following the results, though the stock has been one of the S&P 500's best performers over the last year.
"We think investors might be a little bit scared that this could be peak growth for [Abercrombie]," CFRA analyst Zachary Warring told Yahoo Finance.
"It was a great quarter. We think they're the best-performing apparel brand in the US right now."
Ines Ferre is a senior business reporter for Yahoo Finance. Follow her on X at @ines_ferre.
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