White or Brown Noise: Which One Will Give You a Better Night's Sleep?

There are a lot of factors that can prevent you from getting a deep sleep. From the comfort of your mattress to solutions to mask disruptive sounds, we've put together extensive guides to the best possible sleep hacks. If you're still searching for the final piece of your sleep routine, some people may be able to sleep soundly with white or brown noise.

Noisy neighbors, creaking floorboards, heavy winds, local wildlife or nearby roads and railways lines can all be hugely disruptive to a good night's sleep -- and difficult to address, short of fully soundproofing your home. But playing gentle, relaxing sounds while you sleep can help to drown out other sounds that would otherwise wake you up throughout the night.

The question is what sounds or frequencies are best suited to help you sleep? Different noise colors have unique benefits, depending on whether you're a light sleeper, an insomniac, or something else entirely. While there are several colors out there -- white, brown, pink, blue -- this article focuses on whether white or brown noise is going to help you get the quality sleep you deserve.

White noise is a combination of all frequencies on the spectrum that humans can hear, which has a high-pitched, staticky sound. It's the most well-known color noise and is a sound that doesn't typically occur in nature. It includes sounds like:

• TV or radio static
• The whir of a fan or vacuum
• A noisy air conditioner 
  

Brown noise

Brown noise is a deep sound with more of a bass tone and less of a hiss than white noise. Brown noise plays low-frequency sounds and omits high-frequency sounds like white noise, making it smoother and more manageable for some individuals. This includes sounds like:

• Rainfall
• Thunder
• A shower with strong water pressure
  

The best noise for sleep

White noise vs. brown noise 

TikTok saw a lot of chatter about brown noise recently, as users -- particularly those with ADHD -- said listening to brown noise helped calm the mind and improved their sleep quality. However, if you ask the scientific community about the benefits of brown noise for sleep, they'd say there needs to be more research. 

While findings aren't 100% conclusive, there is positive research to back the possible sleep-promoting benefits of white noise. 

A 2017 study found that broadband sound (aka white noise) played at 46 decibels reduced the amount of time it took for participants to fall asleep by 38% and improved overall sleep quality.

A more recent 2021 study conducted in New York City found participants who cited their noisy environment as the reason for their poor sleep quality saw a significant improvement in their sleep after listening to white noise at bedtime. 

Another study involving ICU patients in India saw similar results; white noise helped promote better sleep quality for participants trying to sleep in a noisy setting.

These studies demonstrate that white noise can be effective in drowning out distracting, unpleasant sounds in the background of your environment and promote better sleep. 

This isn't to say that brown noise won't help you fall asleep, it just means that more intensive studies need to be completed before we can give it a science-backed stamp of approval. But brown noise sounds more natural and can be easier on the ears, especially if you're sensitive to sound.

Some experts say it ultimately comes down to personal preference -- maybe you like the sound of a running fan to fall asleep (white noise), or you prefer the sound of waves crashing against the shore (brown). 

I use my Hatch sunrise alarm clock to play calming campfire sounds before bed. I've found it not only lulls me to sleep but keeps my mind from focusing on other nighttime noises. It ultimately depends on which sounds you find most relaxing and helpful for sleep. 

Tips for using sound to fall asleep

Whether you choose to listen to white or brown noise, here are ways you can get the most out of utilizing sound for sleep.

• Be mindful of volume when listening to sounds to fall asleep. Not only can it wake you up and disrupt your sleep, but constantly listening to loud music can harm your hearing. Try to keep your white noise volume to 50 decibels or lower. 
• Set a timer if you can. Too much consistent noise while you sleep may disrupt your sleep quality and hearing abilities. Apps like White Noise Generator and Dark Noise have timers, so your sounds won't play through the whole night. 
• Trial and error. If white noise doesn't seem to help you sleep better, make the switch to brown. In addition to white and brown noise, other noise colors, such as pink and blue, may help you sleep better.
• Decide how you'd like to listen. Try using a pair of headphones meant for sleeping or even a sleep mask with built-in speakers. If you don't sleep well with headphones or sleep masks, you can opt for a noise machine that goes on your nightstand instead. There are also a ton of relaxing YouTube videos with different colored noises and calming scenes that you can play on your TV -- just be aware of potential burn-in issues if you have an OLED screen.
• Optimize your bedroom for sleep. Keep your lights off and temperature low to prevent other disruptions from harming your sleep. Light can delay your body's melatonin production and keep you from being sleepy, while a room that's too hot can make it too difficult to fall asleep. 

The information contained in this article is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as health or medical advice. Always consult a physician or other qualified health provider regarding any questions you may have about a medical condition or health objectives.