Elon Musk's SpaceX is crashing the IPO party with a record $75 billion listing that tears up the traditional Wall Street script. Here are the five unconventional moves.

  1. Take-It-or-Leave-It Pricing: SpaceX set a fixed $135 per share before any investor meetings, turning the usual price-discovery roadshow into a straight sales pitch. Demand will be tested when the final price is set on June 11, with trading on Nasdaq starting June 12.

  2. Main Street Gets a Piece: A massive 30% of the offering is reserved for retail investors-breaking the norm of favoring institutions. This could act as a safety net, tapping into Musk's loyal fan base.

  3. Early Insider Exits: Employees can sell shares in stages before the standard six-month lockup expires, signaling confidence that insiders won't dump stock too quickly.

  4. Musk Keeps the Keys: Musk will retain 85.1% of voting power, can't be fired as CEO without his consent, and has erected governance barriers to shareholder challenges.

  5. Betting on Future Businesses: SpaceX is still loss-making, investing heavily in AI and a planned constellation of solar-powered data centers in space. Its most profitable unit is Starlink, while Starship remains in testing. Investors are essentially buying into Musk's vision of making life multiplanetary.