Fireworks are a cherished Fourth of July tradition, but the American Lung Association warns they create significant health risks. Nearly 300 million pounds of fireworks are released annually in the U.S., generating smoke filled with harmful particles and gases like sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
This smoke can also release harmful metals like aluminum and manganese. Some illegal fireworks may contain lead, which is extremely dangerous. Air pollution levels typically spike by an average of 42% on the Fourth of July.
The smoke can worsen symptoms for people with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fine particle pollution is linked to heart attacks, stroke, and premature death. Children, older adults, pregnant women, and those with lung or heart disease are especially vulnerable.
Dr. Afif El-Hasan of the Lung Association advises high-risk individuals to watch fireworks from a distance rather than using them at home. He recommends keeping rescue inhalers accessible and wearing a well-fitting N95 mask to reduce particle exposure.
He also suggests positioning upwind from displays, attending with companions, and taking preventative medication. Drinking water afterward and changing clothes can help clear airways and remove smoke particles from the home.