For the first time in years, markets are seriously contemplating that the Federal Reserve’s next move on interest rates could be up, not down.

Kevin Warsh officially took office as Fed Chair following a narrow 54-45 Senate confirmation vote. His arrival has fundamentally reshuffled the deck on rate expectations, with forecasts now pointing toward at least a 25-basis-point increase sometime later this year.

Before Warsh’s confirmation, the prevailing consensus leaned toward eventual rate cuts. Now, persistent inflation concerns and Warsh’s known hawkish tendencies have investors recalibrating in the opposite direction. His first Federal Open Market Committee meeting is scheduled for June 16-17, 2026, though most analysts expect rates to remain unchanged at that gathering.

Warsh has advocated for reducing the Fed’s balance sheet, but he has also expressed support for rate cuts driven by AI-fueled productivity gains.

For crypto investors, his appointment comes with an unusual twist. Financial disclosures revealed personal holdings in digital assets exceeding $192 million, including significant positions in Bitcoin and Solana. Warsh has indicated plans to divest those assets. Bitcoin traded between $74,190 and $77,000 following his swearing-in, reflecting broader macroeconomic unease.

Higher interest rates reduce liquidity across financial markets. If the Fed delivers a hike later this year, it would mark a significant reversal from the easing trajectory that markets had been banking on. Investors should pay close attention to the language in the June FOMC statement and any changes in the dot plot projections.