A new study from Trinity College Dublin and Technological University Dublin reveals that Grokipedia, the AI-generated encyclopedia launched by Elon Musk, relies on more right-leaning sources than Wikipedia for entries on religion, history, literature, and art.
The researchers analyzed nearly 18,000 of the most-edited English-language Wikipedia pages and their Grokipedia counterparts. While overall political leanings were similar, two-thirds of Grokipedia articles were heavily rewritten and used fewer sources. The findings echo a January pre-print study that identified similar right-leaning bias on controversial topics.
Meanwhile, the European Commission opened an investigation in January into Musk's xAI under the Digital Services Act, focusing on whether Grokipedia disseminated illegal content.
Lead author Saeedeh Mohammadi warned that AI-generated systems operate opaquely, unlike Wikipedia where biases are visible and contested through human editing. Professor Taha Yasseri added that the large-scale, black-box regeneration of information by large language models remains largely closed to public scrutiny, raising significant risks for elections, public health, and social stability.