Russia has intensified its campaign to control the Telegram messaging app, announcing an investigation into billionaire founder Pavel Durov as part of a criminal case alleging terrorism facilitation. The move signals Russia's intent to block Telegram, which boasts over one billion users globally and sees significant use in Russia and Ukraine, while promoting a state-controlled alternative called MAX.
According to Russia's official newspaper, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, the Federal Security Service (FSB) views Telegram as a "tool for hybrid threats." Durov's actions are reportedly being investigated under a charge of "assistance to terrorist activities." The newspaper claims Telegram has become a conduit for NATO, Ukraine, and radical groups, posing a societal threat.
This crackdown aligns with Russia's broader strategy of expanding digital surveillance and control, mirroring practices seen in China. Russian officials cite security concerns, including alleged attacks from Ukraine and sabotage attempts by Western intelligence, as justification for restricting VPNs and messaging apps.
Telegram has become a crucial news source within Russia, accessible to military personnel on the Ukraine front lines, political opposition groups, and even Kremlin-aligned figures. Durov, who left Russia in 2014 due to non-compliance with government demands, has consistently advocated for freedom and privacy on the app. He has previously accused French intelligence and President Macron of attempting to impose censorship.
The FSB claims Ukrainian intelligence services are harvesting data from Telegram, including information from Russian soldiers using the app.