Research shows that metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the leading cause of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis in northeastern Mexico. Data from a major hepatology center in Monterrey reveals MASLD accounted for 33% of chronic liver disease cases between 1995 and 2019.
Obesity was present in 72% of patients, underscoring its role as a modifiable risk factor. The rise correlates with increased rates of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the region.
Cirrhosis prevalence nearly doubled during the study period, from 36% in 1995 to 67% in 2019. MASLD contributed most to this increase, while alcohol-related liver disease remained high, affecting 80% of cirrhosis cases.
Viral hepatitis rates have declined due to treatment advances. Hepatitis C dropped from 30% in 1995-2003 to 17% in 2012-2019, thanks to direct-acting antivirals introduced in 2017.
The shift reflects broader social determinants such as poverty, poor access to preventive care, and lifestyle factors. Experts call for integrated public health approaches focusing on diet, physical activity, and alcohol reduction.