Stress triggers a surge of adrenaline and cortisol, preparing the body for fight or flight. While useful in acute situations, chronic stress shifts resources away from digestion, repair, and immune function, increasing risks of infections, obesity, depression, and neurodegenerative diseases.
'It can be useful to stop coping strategies that aren't helpful.' Photograph: Posed by model; Ekaterina Goncharova/Getty Images
The problem is modern life rarely requires physical escape, but the body remains hypervigilant. This creates a feedback loop where normal bodily sensations feel threatening, impairing decision-making.
'Catch your stress response early.' Photograph: Posed by model; EF Volart/Getty Images
Experts say managing stress early is key. Simple regulated breathing can signal safety to the brain. For chronic stress, cognitive behavioral therapy helps challenge unhelpful thoughts, while exercise reduces adrenaline buildup. Avoiding stress entirely is unrealistic, but catching it early with these strategies can prevent long-term damage.