NATO has formally agreed to modernize its nuclear capabilities, solidifying the alliance’s deterrence posture against current security threats. The cornerstone of this refresh is the US B61-12 gravity bomb, which extends the service life of NATO's tactical nuclear deterrent by two decades.
Belgium, Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands are actively transitioning to dual-capable F-35A fighter jets. These stealth aircraft can deliver both conventional and nuclear payloads, replacing older platforms under NATO’s nuclear sharing arrangements. This shift maintains political control while enhancing operational credibility among host nations.
The financial commitment is substantial. The Congressional Budget Office projects US nuclear triad modernization will cost approximately $946 billion over the next decade. This investment supports the 2024 updated nuclear policy emphasizing flexibility and readiness in a rapidly shifting geopolitical landscape.