Cosmetic adverse reactions can lead to long-term skin damage, particularly for younger patients and individuals with allergy histories. A study of nearly 8,000 reported cases found that while most patients fully recover, over 23% experience incomplete resolution, including persistent hyperpigmentation, scarring, and other irreversible damage.
Investigators analyzed cosmetic-related adverse reactions reported between 2017 and 2023. The findings indicate that age and allergy history are significant prognostic factors. Patients under 20 were more than twice as likely to develop lasting symptoms compared to those over 50. A history of food allergy increased the risk of long-term skin damage by over three times, while drug allergy history also presented a significantly higher risk.
The study highlights the need for individualized risk assessments in clinical practice. Dermatologists should identify younger patients and those with food or drug allergies to guide counseling, early intervention, and prevention strategies. Cosmetic safety is not merely a short-term concern, as persistent pigmentary changes and irreversible skin damage may occur in a notable proportion of cases.