A new analysis of the Texas measles outbreak details the severe toll the virus takes on the body. Of 54 patients hospitalized during the outbreak, 87 percent developed a complication, most commonly pneumonia.
The study found that 39 patients, or 72 percent, contracted pneumonia. Twenty-five (46 percent) suffered from dehydration, and 21 (39 percent) developed diarrhea. More than half, 52 percent, were treated with antibiotics for co-infections.
Seventy percent of hospitalized patients required supplemental oxygen, and over 68 percent experienced hypoxia-dangerously low oxygen levels. Four children needed intensive care; two required mechanical ventilation. One child died.
Notably, only six of the 54 patients had a pre-existing condition that increased their risk. None were immunocompromised. Among the five adults hospitalized were four pregnant women. Two gave birth during their stay, and both infants contracted active measles. One infant later developed symptoms of acute measles meningoencephalitis.
The authors concluded that while many cases are mild, roughly one in five confirmed cases required hospitalization. The U.S. is on track to lose its measles elimination status, with nearly 2,000 cases reported in 2026 as of late May.