The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization is warning that recycled plastics used in food packaging may pose significant health risks, calling for stronger global safeguards.
Vittorio Fattori, FAO food safety officer, says better recycling is essential, but warns it must not create new problems. The global food packaging market is projected to grow from $505 billion in 2024 to over $815 billion by 2030.
Less than 10% of global plastic waste has been recycled so far. Recycled plastics can contain higher levels of metals, flame retardants, and persistent organic pollutants than virgin plastics, according to FAO analysis.
The report also examines bioplastics and plant-based materials, noting that “bio-based” does not always mean biodegradable. These alternatives may carry pesticide residues, toxins, and allergens.
Regulators still lack reliable methods to detect microplastics, now found in human blood, lungs, and breast milk. Recycling facilities themselves can contribute to microplastic pollution.
FAO aims to help harmonize global food safety standards through the Codex Alimentarius Commission, balancing sustainability with chemical safety.