The hypothesis that GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic could extend lifespan is moving from theory to early scientific investigation. A recent study found semaglutide appeared to slow biological aging in individuals with HIV, a population prone to accelerated aging.
The potential benefits are linked to the drugs' known effects on metabolic health, which can combat leading causes of death like diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Experts also point to the drugs' anti-inflammatory properties and influence on cellular pathways central to aging.
However, significant caveats remain. There is no data on lifespan extension, even in rodents, and no evidence the drugs benefit metabolically healthy individuals. Concerns also exist about side effects like muscle and bone loss, which are critical for older adults.
Clinical trials are now underway to test GLP-1s on biomarkers of aging and functional abilities. For now, experts do not recommend taking the medications off-label for longevity, citing insufficient data. Some researchers, however, admit to personal use despite the uncertainties.