GLP-1 drugs such as Ozempic and Wegovy may help prevent further tissue damage after a heart attack, according to a new study from the University of Bristol and University College London. The research found that GLP-1 compounds relax pericytes-cells surrounding tiny blood vessels-allowing capillaries to reopen and restore blood flow.
After a heart attack, blood flow often fails to return even after the main artery is unblocked, a condition known as 'no-reflow.' This complication increases the risk of death or hospitalization for heart failure within a year. The study used surgically removed mouse hearts to show that GLP-1 activation reduces constriction in capillaries by triggering ion channels in pericytes.
The findings explain how remote ischemic conditioning-a procedure involving limb blood flow restriction-may work through GLP-1 release. Though still in early stages, the results suggest existing GLP-1 drugs could be repurposed to improve recovery rates in heart attack patients.
Researchers stress that human trials are needed before clinical application, but the potential for life-saving impact is significant given the growing use of these medications for diabetes, obesity, and kidney disease.